A Historical Approach in the Context of the Evaluation of the Civilizations Established in Sudan and Its Impact on the Cultural Formation of Today's Sudan
Mustafa Mohamed Elshikh
Sudan is considered as the origin of all civilizations by some archeology scholars. Swiss archaeologist Charlie Bonnet stated that Sudan is one of the world's oldest and most influential civilizations. Sudan has been endowed with wonderful opportunities by Allah and Allah has bestowed on Sudan some important resources such as various underground mines and water resources. This diversity has allowed many civilizations to be established in Sudan throughout history. The most important of these established civilizations are Nabatye, Aleve, and El-Makara. These three great civilizations have existed for thousands of years. It is possible to see in today's Sudan that every civilization has brought something cultural and social to Sudan. The main reason why there is diversity and multiculturalism in today's Sudan is that it has hosted three great civilizations.
However, Sudan's geopolitical position makes it remarkable. Because Sudan, due to its location, has the capacity to lead African countries. As in every African country, there are different ethnic groups in Sudan. These ethnic groups set a serious example to other countries in terms of living in peace and tranquility in Sudan. In order to comprehend this structural and cultural adventure of Sudan, it is necessary to examine Sudan as a whole historically.
It is Sudan's unique geographical location that has made it a center of attraction for human communities throughout history. Sudan, as the center of civilization in the ancient world, brought a very important civilizational dimension to its surroundings. The existence of the Red Sea has made it possible to communicate with the ancient eastern civilizations. The presence of the Nile and its tributaries in the middle made it a melting pot for races and dynasties to mingle and form kingdoms and states on its shores.
Cultural diversity in Sudan
The expression of cultural diversity expresses the distinction of human culture with plurality and difference, in which cultural specificity, cultural identity and acceptance of the other will be taken into account when its existence is accepted, so that difference and difference will be respected and positivity will be emphasized. Sudan stands out at the crossroads of Africa and is referred to by some researchers as "Africa in miniature" because many ethnic groups in Africa live here together. As we mentioned above, it has been a center of attraction for many people since ancient times. Thus, Sudan is a country characterized by cultural diversity that has emerged as a result of ethnic, social and cultural components since ancient times.
Cultural Tourism
Sudan has become a country rich in cultural diversity, with people from many different cultures coming together. This situation attracts the attention of tourists coming to the country. The presence of many historical monuments in the country is one of the main sources of tourism. Tourists who want to see these artifacts come to visit Sudanese museums where their cultural heritage is exhibited.
Cultural diversity is a key feature of the Sudanese state, and manifestations of cultural diversity in Sudan are particularly evident in language, religion, and race. In conclusion, we see that the cultural diversity that exists in Sudan today is due to two reasons: geographical factors and historical factors. Sudanese people have been able to assimilate all incoming cultures. In our opinion, the cultural diversity in Sudan sets an example for the whole world, especially African countries, in terms of living in peace.
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